如何選擇常(chang)用190柴油發電機組
某些(xie)柴(chai)油(you)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)在(zai)某段時(shi)間(jian)或經常(chang)需要長時(shi)間(jian)連(lian)續地(di)進行(xing)，以作為(wei)(wei)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)負荷的常(chang)用(yong)供電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)源，這類發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)稱為(wei)(wei)常(chang)用(yong)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)。常(chang)用(yong)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)可(ke)作為(wei)(wei)常(chang)用(yong)機(ji)組(zu)與備(bei)用(yong)機(ji)組(zu)。遠離大電(dian)(dian)網的鄉鎮、海(hai)島(dao)、林場、礦山、油(you)田(tian)等地(di)區或工礦企業，為(wei)(wei)了供給當地(di)居民生(sheng)產及(ji)生(sheng)活用(yong)電(dian)(dian)，需要安裝柴(chai)油(you)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)，這類發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)平(ping)時(shi)應(ying)不間(jian)斷(duan)地(di)進行(xing)。
1. 常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)柴(chai)油(you)發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)臺(tai)(tai)數如何確定 常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)柴(chai)油(you)發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)臺(tai)(tai)數的(de)(de)設置(zhi)通(tong)常(chang)(chang)為2臺(tai)(tai)以(yi)(yi)上，以(yi)(yi)保證(zheng)供電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)連續性及適應用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)負荷(he)(he)(he)曲線的(de)(de)變(bian)化。機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)臺(tai)(tai)數多，才可以(yi)(yi)根據用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)負荷(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)變(bian)化確定投入發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)進行(xing)臺(tai)(tai)數，使柴(chai)油(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)經(jing)常(chang)(chang)是在經(jing)濟負荷(he)(he)(he)下運(yun)行(xing)，以(yi)(yi)減少燃油(you)消耗(hao)率，降低發電(dian)(dian)成本。柴(chai)油(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)最佳經(jing)濟運(yun)行(xing)狀態是在標定功(gong)率的(de)(de)75%-90%之間。為保證(zheng)供電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)連續性，常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)本身應考(kao)慮設置(zhi)備用(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)，當進行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)故(gu)障檢(jian)修或停機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)檢(jian)查時，使發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)仍然(ran)能(neng)夠滿足對重要(yao)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)負荷(he)(he)(he)不間斷地持續供電(dian)(dian)。
2. 常用柴油發(fa)電機組(zu)容(rong)量的確(que)定 按機組(zu)長(chang)期(qi)持續運(yun)行(xing)(xing)輸出功率能滿足全工程最大計算負荷(he)(he)選(xuan)擇，并應根據(ju)負荷(he)(he)的重要性確(que)定發(fa)電機組(zu)備用機組(zu)容(rong)量。柴油機持續進行(xing)(xing)的輸出功率，一般為標(biao)定功率的0.9倍。
3. 常用(yong)(yong)柴(chai)油發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)轉速(su)的(de)(de)(de)確(que)定(ding) 為(wei)了減少磨損，增加機組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命，常用(yong)(yong)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)宜選用(yong)(yong)標定(ding)轉速(su)不大于1000r/min的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)、低速(su)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)，其備(bei)用(yong)(yong)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)可(ke)選擇中(zhong)、高速(su)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)。同(tong)(tong)一電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)應選用(yong)(yong)同(tong)(tong)型號、同(tong)(tong)容量的(de)(de)(de)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)，以便(bian)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)相同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)備(bei)用(yong)(yong)零(ling)部件，方便(bian)維(wei)修與管理(li)。負(fu)荷變化大的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)，也可(ke)以選用(yong)(yong)同(tong)(tong)系列不同(tong)(tong)容量的(de)(de)(de)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)。發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機輸出(chu)標定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)確(que)定(ding)與應急發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)相同(tong)(tong)，一般為(wei)400V，個別(bie)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量大，輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)距離遠的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)可(ke)選用(yong)(yong)高壓發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)(zu)(zu)。
4. 常(chang)(chang)用柴(chai)(chai)油(you)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)的(de)控(kong)(kong)制 常(chang)(chang)用機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)一般應考慮能夠(gou)并聯(lian)進(jin)行，以簡化配(pei)電(dian)主接線(xian)，使機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、停機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)輪換運(yun)行時(shi)，通(tong)過并車(che)、轉移負荷、切換機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)而不致中(zhong)斷(duan)供電(dian)。機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)應安裝有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)的(de)測量及(ji)控(kong)(kong)制裝置(zhi)，機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)的(de)調速(su)及(ji)勵磁調節裝置(zhi)應適用魚(yu)并聯(lian)進(jin)行的(de)要(yao)求。對重要(yao)負荷供電(dian)的(de)備用發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)，宜選(xuan)用自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化柴(chai)(chai)油(you)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)當(dang)外電(dian)源(yuan)故障斷(duan)電(dian)后(hou)，能夠(gou)迅速(su)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，恢(hui)復對重要(yao)負荷的(de)供電(dian)。柴(chai)(chai)油(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)運(yun)行時(shi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)房噪聲很大，自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)便于改造為(wei)隔(ge)室操作(zuo)、自動(dong)(dong)(dong)監控(kong)(kong)的(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)。當(dang)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)正常(chang)(chang)進(jin)行時(shi)，操作(zuo)人(ren)員不必進(jin)入柴(chai)(chai)油(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)房，在控(kong)(kong)制室便可(ke)對柴(chai)(chai)油(you)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)進(jin)行監控(kong)(kong)。